Which is the first layer of continuous effects?

The first layer of continuous effects pertains to copy effects. This refers to the manipulation of the characteristics of cards when an effect specifies that something becomes a copy of something else. In Magic: The Gathering, continuous effects are evaluated in a specific order, and copy effects are the first layer in that order. This means that if any effect causes a permanent to become a copy of another permanent, the characteristics of that other permanent are applied before any other type of continuous effect interacts with that permanent.

When a card is copied, the new copy has the properties of the original object, including its name, color, mana cost, and text, except for functional differences such as what types of counters are on it or its current power/toughness. Other effects, such as ability effects, counter effects, and power/toughness adjustments, are evaluated in subsequent layers which build on the state established by the initial copy effect.

Understanding that copy effects are evaluated first helps clarify how various interactions between cards occur, especially when multiple effects are present simultaneously. This foundational knowledge is essential for proper game rulings and strategic play.