What system is typically used to determine the order of effects applied within a layer or sublayer?

The timestamp system is the correct method for determining the order of effects applied within a layer or sublayer in Magic: The Gathering. This system is essential for resolving multiple effects that could potentially interact with one another at the same time.

In Magic's framework, layers are used to apply effects of different types (like power, toughness, or abilities) to permanents. When multiple effects are in effect in the same layer, the timestamp system comes into play. Each effect is associated with a timestamp, which indicates when it was applied, allowing judges and players to resolve the effects based on the order in which they were created. This ensures that more recent effects will override older ones, adhering to the game's rules regarding resolving layers correctly.

In contrast, the other options are not suitable for this purpose. The priority system involves who has the opportunity to play spells or abilities, but it does not dictate the order of effects within layers. The turn order system relates to whose turn it is and does not affect the application of effects themselves. Lastly, the dependency system is used to address situations involving dependencies between effects, but it does not provide a method for establishing the order of effects in layers outright.